NMITA: Neogene Marine Biota of Tropical America

Systematic list of gastropods in the Panama Paleontology Project collections

Jonathan  A. Todd

Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum,
Cromwell Road, London, U.K. SW7 5BD
J.Todd@nhm.ac.uk

-Systematic List-

Introduction

The following list provides a current systematic framework and summary of the taxonomic diversity of Panama Paleontology Project (PPP) mollusc collections collected, curated and identified from project inception till October 2000. The great majority of the taxa and taxonomic names used in the Gastropod diets database and Mollusc Occurrence 2000 database are common to both documents. The higher level systematics of some taxa have changed since those documents were prepared, as have a few generic names. Systematic notes detail these changes and allow taxa within the diets and occurrence databases to be connected with the current systematics presented here.
 

Scope

This list is of currently identified and databased taxa in PPP fossil collections made from the Bocas del Toro, Canal and Chucunaque basins (Panama) and Southern Limon Basin (Costa Rica) from deposits of upper Middle Miocene through to Pleistocene age (see Coates & Obando 1996, Coates 1999) and Recent dredged collections from the Caribbean Sea from off Nicaragua, Honduras and Panama. Recent East Pacific material dredged from off Panama has been included but pre-Central American Seaway closure faunas from the (now) Pacific side of the Isthmus of Panama are currently excluded. The fossils are held in the Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Switzerland and the Recent material is currently held in the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Republic of Panama.
 

Systematics

The last quarter of the twentieth century saw a revolution in higher level gastropod systematics resulting from renewed focus on comparative morphology united with the first computer-based phylogenetic analyses (see Ponder & Lindberg 1996 for a summary). After a long period of flux as new hypotheses were tested and assimilated there may now be something approaching a consensus on higher level relationships of extant taxa. Encouragingly, relationships based on morphological analysis appear largely congruent with preliminary molecular phylogenetic analyses. There is still some discussion over the most appropriate names for recognized clades, here I largely follow Ponder & Lindberg (1997) and the classification, nomenclature and hierarchical rank recently used (1998) in Mollusca: The Southern Synthesis. I have not ordered the taxa in the traditional manner by which higher groups are placed in relative degrees of proximity according to an unspecified criterion of “relatedness”. Instead I have placed subgenera (if recognized) in alphabetical order within a genus, genera alphabetically within a family, families alphabetically within superfamilies and so on through to the level of ‘Infraorder’  (e.g. Littorinimorpha, Ptenoglossa and Neogastropoda of the ‘Superorder’ Caenogastropoda). Hierarchical rank is not specified, though authors and dates are given for families, but relative ranking is shown by font size, bold capitalisation and then, from Order/’Superorder’-levels, by degree of indentation from the margin.
The generic diversity within the families Eulimidae and Triphoridae is very likely not accurately reflected in this list. Both families consist of numerous small taxa which require considerable expertise and scanning electron micrography to identify accurately. Consequently, only conchologically very distinctive forms receive generic identifications, all others have been left in open nomenclature at the familial level.
 

Open nomenclature

Distinct putative taxa whose affinities within a family are uncertain are sometimes indicated in the manner of  ‘TurridA’, with a research worker given as ‘author’ of this information. The referred specimens may represent an undescribed taxon or a taxon whose identity remains obscure despite the worker’s best efforts to find an available name. Some genera or subgenera are referred to by the formula Xus*aff.1. This indicates a putative undescribed taxon which is considered conchologically closest to the taxon to which the suffix is appended.  An asterisk after the author and date indicates that the identifications still require detailed verification. “Trash-can” taxa are indicated as “Xus”. If the same genus is also represented but without quotes and with constituent subgenera then the trash-can representatives are those members which could not be sorted into available subgenera. This is equivalent to the common usage of s.l. (sensu lato).
 

References

BEESLEY, P. L., ROSS, G. J. B. and WELLS, A. (eds) 1998. Mollusca: The Southern Synthesis. Fauna of Australia. Vol. 5 Part B, viii, 565-1264 pp. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.

COATES, A. G. 1999. Lithostratigraphy of the Neogene strata of the Caribbean coast from Limon, Costa Rica to Colon, Panama. Pp.17-40 In Collins, L. S. & Coates, A. G. (eds), A paleobiotic survey of Caribbean faunas from the Neogene of the Isthmus of Panama. (Bulletins of American Paleontology, 357). 351 pp.

_____________.  and OBANDO, J. A. 1996. The Geologic evolution of the Central American Isthmus. Pp. 21-56 In Jackson, J. B. C., Budd, A. F. & Coates, A. G., Evolution and environment in Tropical America. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. 425 pp.

PONDER, W. F. and LINDBERG, D. R. 1996. Gastropod phylogeny--challenges for the 90s. Pp. 135-154, In Taylor, J. D. (ed.), Origin and evolutionary radiation of the Mollusca. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

_____________, and ________________.  1997. Towards a phylogeny of gastropod molluscs: an analysis using morphological characters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 119: 83-265.

Systematic list of gastropods in the Panama Paleontology Project collections

 

Dynamic Taxon Search

****FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON STROMBINIDAE ****

 

GASTROPODA

EOGASTROPODA

DOCOGLOSSA
 Acmaeoidea
  Acmaeidae Carpenter, 1857
   Acmaea  Eschscholtz, 1833
  Lottiidae Gray, 1840
   Collisella  Dall, 1871
   Notoacmea  Iredale, 1915
   Patelloida  Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
   Scurria  Gray, 1847

ORTHOGASTROPODA

COCCULINIFORMIA
 Cocculinoidea
  Cocculinidae Dall, 1882
   Cocculina  Dall, 1882
VETIGASTROPODA
 Fissurelloidea
  Fissurellidae Fleming, 1822
   Altrix  Palmer, 1942
   Diodora  Gray, 1821
   Emarginula  Lamarck, 1801
   Fissurella  Bruguière, 1798  Clypidella  Swainson, 1840
   Fissurella  Bruguière, 1798  Cremides  H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Fissurella  Bruguière, 1798*
   Hemitoma  Swainson, 1840  Hemitoma  Swainson, 1840
   Hemitoma  Swainson, 1840  Montfortia  Récluz, 1843
   Leurolepas  McLean, 1970
   Lucapina  Sowerby, 1835
   Lucapinella  Pilsbry, 1890
   Nesta  H. Adams, 1870
   Puncturella  Lowe, 1827
   Rimula  Defrance, 1827
 Pleurotomarioidea
  Pleurotomariidae Swainson, 1840
   Perotrochus  Fischer, 1885  Entemnotrochus  Fischer, 1885
 Seguenzioidea
  Seguenziidae Verril, 1884
   Basilissa  Watson, 1879*
   Seguenzia  Jeffreys, 1876*
 Trochoidea
  Skeneidae Clark, 1851
   Haplocochlias  Carpenter, 1864
   Parviturbo  Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945
  Trochidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Calliostoma  Swainson, 1840
   Cittarium  Philippi, 1847
   Euchelus  Philippi, 1847  Antillachelus  Woodring, 1928
   Euchelus  Philippi, 1847  Mirachelus  Woodring, 1928
   Microgaza  Dall, 1881
   Solariella  Wood, 1842
   Suavotrochus  Dall, 1924
   Synaptocochlea  Pilsbry, 1890
   Tegula  Lesson, 1835  Agathistoma  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
   Tegula  Lesson, 1835  Tegula  Lesson, 1835
   Trochaclis Thiele, 1912 ?
   Turcica  A. Adams, 1854
   Umbonium  Link, 1807
  Turbinidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Arene  H. & A. Adams, 1854  Arene  H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Arene  H. & A. Adams, 1854  Marevalvata  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
   Astraea  Röding, 1798  Astralium  Link, 1807
   Astraea  Röding, 1798  Lithopoma  Gray, 1850
   Cyclostrema  Marryat, 1818
   Homalopoma  Carpenter, 1864  Leptothyropsis  Woodring, 1928
   Homalopoma  Carpenter, 1864  Panacochlea  Dall, 1908
   Macrarene  Hertlein & Strong, 1951
   Tricolia  Risso, 1826
   Turbo  Linnaeus, 1758  Callopoma  Gray, 1850
   Turbo  Linnaeus, 1758  Marmarostoma  Swainson, 1840
   Turbo  Linnaeus, 1758  Taeniaturbo  Woodring, 1928
NERITOPSINA
 Neritoidea
  Neritidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Nerita  Linnaeus, 1758  Nerita  Linnaeus, 1758
   Nerita  Linnaeus, 1758  Ritena  Gray, 1858
   Nerita  Linnaeus, 1758  Theliostyla  Mörch, 1852
   Neritina  Lamarck, 1816
   Puperita  Gray, 1857
   Smaragdia  Issel, 1869
   Vitta  Mörch, 1852
  Phenacolepadidae Thiele, 1929
   Phenacolepas  Pilsbry, 1891

     CAENOGASTROPODA

  Cerithioidea
  Batillariidae Thiele, 1929
   Batillaria  Benson, 1842
   Rhinocoryne  von Martens, 1900
  Cerithiidae Férussac, 1819
   Bezanconia  Bayle in Fischer, 1884
   “Bittium”  Leach, 1847
   Bittiolum  Cossmann, 1906
   Bittium  Leach, 1847
   Cerithium  Bruguière, 1789
   Rhinoclavis  Swainson, 1840  Ochetoclava  Woodring, 1928
  Litiopidae Gray, 1847
   Alaba  H. & A. Adams, 1853
  Modulidae Fischer, 1885
   Modulus  Gray, 1842
   Psammodulus  Collins, 1934
  Planaxidae Gray, 1850
   Fossarus  Philippi, 1849
   Planaxis  Lamarck, 1827
  Potamididae H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Cerithidea  Swainson, 1840
   Potamides  Brongniart, 1810
   Terebralia  Swainson, 1840  Pyrazisinus*aff.1  Todd PPP
  Scaliolidae Jousseaume,1912 ?
   Alabina  Dall, 1902
  Siliquariidae Anton, 1838
   Tenagodus  Guettard, 1770
  Turritellidae Lovén, 1847
   Springvaleia*aff.1  Todd PPP
   “Turritella”  Lamarck, 1799
   Vermicularia  Lamarck, 1789
           LITTORINIMORPHA
 Calyptraeoidea
  Calyptraeidae Lamarck, 1809
   Calyptraea  Lamarck, 1799
   Crepidula  Lamarck, 1799  Bostrycapulus  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
   Crepidula  Lamarck, 1799  Crepidula  Lamarck, 1799
   Crepidula  Lamarck, 1799  Ianacus  Mörch, 1852
   Crepipatella  Lesson, 1830
   Crucibulum  Schumacher, 1817  Crucibulum  Schumacher, 1817
   Crucibulum  Schumacher, 1817  Dispotaea  Say, 1826
   Trochita  Schumacher, 1817
 Capuloidea
  Capulidae Fleming, 1822
   Capulus  Montfort, 1810
  Trichotropidae H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Cerithioderma  Conrad, 1860
 Carinarioidea
  Atlantidae Rang, 1829
   Atlanta  Lesueur, 1817
 Cypraeoidea
  Cypraeidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Erosaria  Troschel, 1863
   Luria  Jousseaume, 1884
   Macrocypraea  Schilder, 1930
   Muracypraea  Woodring, 1957
   Proadusta  Sacco, 1894
   Zonaria  Jousseaume, 1884
  Ovulidae Fleming, 1822
   Cyphoma  Röding, 1798*
   Cyphoma  Röding, 1798  Pseudocyphoma  Cate 1973
   Jenneria  Jousseaume, 1884
   Simnia  Risso, 1826
 Ficoidea
  Ficidae Meek, 1864
   Ficus  Röding, 1798
 Littorinoidea
  Littorinidae Gray, 1840
   Cenchritis  von Martens, 1900
   Littoraria  Griffith & Pigeon, 1834
   “Littorina”  Férussac, 1822
   Nodilittorina  von Martens, 1897
  Pickworthiidae Iredale, 1917
   Sansonia  Jousseaume, 1892
 Naticoidea
  Naticidae Forbes, 1838
   Natica  Scopoli, 1777  Natica  Scopoli, 1777
   Natica  Scopoli, 1777  Naticarius  Duméril, 1806
   Neverita  Risso, 1826  Glossaulax  Pilsbry, 1929
   Neverita  Risso, 1826  Hypterita  Woodring, 1957
   Polinices  Montfort, 1810
   Polinices*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Sigatica  Meyer & Aldrich, 1886
   Sinum  Röding, 1798
   Stigmaulax  Mörch, 1852
   Tectonatica  Sacco, 1840
 Rissooidea
  Barleeidae Gray, 1857
   Barleeia  Clark, 1853
   Pseudodiala  Ponder, 1967
  Caecidae Gray, 1850
   Bambusum  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
   Brochina  Gray, 1857
   Caecum  Fleming, 1813
   Elephantanellum  Bartsch, 1920
   Elephantanellum*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Elephantulum  Carpenter, 1857
   Fartulum  Carpenter, 1857
   Meioceras  Carpenter, 1858
   Micranellum  Bartsch, 1920
  Elachisinidae Ponder, 1985
   Elachisina  Dall, 1918
  Rissoidae Gray, 1847
   Alvania  Risso, 1826
   Folinia  Crosse, 1868
   Folinia*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Microstelma  A. Adams, 1863
   Rissoina  d'Orbigny, 1840  Phosinella  Mörch, 1876
   Rissoina  d'Orbigny, 1840  Rissoina  d'Orbigny, 1840
   Schwartziella  Nevill, 1881  Pandalosia  Laseron, 1956
   Schwartziella  Nevill, 1881  Schwartziella  Nevill, 1881
   Zebina  H. & A. Adams, 1854  Zebina  H. & A. Adams, 1854
  Truncatellidae Gray, 1840
   Truncatella Risso, 1826
  Vitrinellidae Bush, 1897
   Anticlimax  Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946 Anticlimax  Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946
   Anticlimax  Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946 Subclimax  Pilsbry & Olsson, 1950
   Circulus  Jeffreys, 1865
   Cochliolepis  Stimpson, 1858
   Cyclostremiscus  Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945 Cyclostremiscus  P. & Olsson, 1945
   Cyclostremiscus  Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945 Ponocyclus Pilsbry, 1953
   Parviturboides  Pilsbry & McGinty, 1950
   Solariorbis  Conrad, 1865  Hapalorbis  Woodring, 1957
   Solariorbis  Conrad, 1865  Solariorbis  Conrad, 1865
   Solariorbis  Conrad, 1865  Systellomphalus  Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941
   Teinostoma  H & A. Adams, 1853  Aepystoma  Woodring, 1957
   Teinostoma  H. & A. Adams, 1853 Ellipetylus Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945
   Teinostoma  H. & A. Adams, 1853 Idioraphe  Pilsbry, 1922
   Teinostoma  H. & A. Adams, 1853 Pseudorotella  Fischer, 1857
   “Teinostoma”  H. & A. Adams, 1853 VitrinellidA  Todd PPP
   “Teinostoma”  H. & A. Adams, 1853 VitrinellidB  Todd PPP
   Vitrinella  C. B. Adams, 1850  Vitrinella  C. B. Adams, 1850
   Vitrinella  C. B. Adams, 1850  Vitrinellops  Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952
 Stromboidea
  Strombidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Strombus  Linnaeus, 1758  Lentigo  Jousseaume, 1886
   Strombus  Linnaeus, 1758  Macrostrombus  Petuch, 1994
   Strombus  Linnaeus, 1758  Strombus  Linnaeus, 1758
   Strombus  Linnaeus, 1758  Tricornis  Jousseaume, 1886
 Tonnoidea
  Bursidae Thiele, 1925
   Bursa  Röding, 1798
   Marsupina  Dall, 1904
  Cassidae Latreille, 1825
   Cassis  Scopoli, 1777
   Cypraecassis  Stutchbury, 1837  Cypraecassis  Stutchbury, 1837
   Cypraecassis  Stutchbury, 1837  Levenia  Gray, 1847
   Echinophoria  Sacco, 1890
   Oocorys  Fischer, 1883
   Phalium  Link, 1807
   Sconsia  Gray, 1847
   Semicassis  Mörch, 1852  Tylocassis  Woodring, 1928
  Personidae Gray, 1854
   Distorsio  Röding, 1798
  Ranellidae Gray, 1854
   Charonia  Gistl, 1848
   Cymatium  Röding, 1798  Linatella  Gray, 1857
   Cymatium  Röding, 1798  Monoplex  Perry, 1811
   Cymatium  Röding, 1798  Ranularia  Schumacher, 1817
   Cymatium  Röding, 1798  Septa  Perry, 1810
   Cymatium  Röding, 1798  Turritriton  Dall, 1904
  Tonnidae Suter, 1913
   Malea  Valenciennes, 1883
   Tonna  Brünnich, 1772
 Vanikoroidea
  Hipponicidae Troschel, 1861
   Cheilea  Modeer, 1793
   Hipponix  Defrance, 1819
Vanikoridae Gray, 1840
   Macromphalus  Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
   Megalomphalus  Brusina, 1871
   Vanikoro ?  Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
 Velutinoidea
  Triviidae Troschel, 1863
   Erato  Risso, 1826*
   Erato  Risso, 1826  Hespererato  Schilder, 1932
   Trivia  Broderip, 1837  Cleotrivia  Iredale, 1930
   Trivia  Broderip, 1837  Dolichupis  Iredale, 1930
   Trivia  Broderip, 1837  Pusula  Jousseaume, 1884
   Trivia  Broderip, 1837  Trivia  Broderip, 1837
  Velutinidae Gray, 1840 [=Lamellariidae d'Orbigny, 1841]
   Lamellaria  Montagu, 1815
 Vermetoidea
  Vermetidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Macrophragma  Carpenter, 1857
   Petaloconchus  H. C. Lea, 1843
   Serpulorbis  Sacco, 1827
   Vermetus  Daudin, 1800  Thylaeodus  Mörch, 1860
 Xenophoroidea
  Xenophoridae Troschel, 1852
   Onustus  Gray, 1847
   Xenophora  Fischer, 1807
          PTENOGLOSSA
 Eulimoidea
  Eulimidae Troschel, 1853
   Eulima  Risso, 1826
   Melanella  Bowdich, 1822
   Niso  Risso, 1826
   Polygireulima  Sacco, 1892
   Scalenostoma  Deshayes, 1863
   Stilifer  Broderip & Sowerby, 1832
 Janthinoidea
  Epitoniidae Berry, 1910
   Acirsa  Mörch, 1857
   Alora  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Amaea  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Cirsotrema  Mörch, 1852  Cirsotrema  Mörch, 1852
   Cirsotrema  Mörch, 1852  Cirsotremopsis  Thiele, 1828
   Epitonium  Röding, 1798  Asperiscala  de Boury, 1909
   Epitonium  Röding, 1798  Cycloscala  Dall, 1889
   Epitonium  Röding, 1798  Epitonium  Röding, 1798
   Epitonium  Röding, 1798  Gyroscala  de Boury, 1887
   Epitonium  Röding, 1798  Hirtoscala  Monterosato, 1890
   Epitonium  Röding, 1798  Nitidiscala  de Boury, 1909
   Epitonium  Röding, 1798  Pictoscala  Dall, 1917
   Opalia  de Boury, 1886  Dentiscala  de Boury, 1886
   Opalia  de Boury, 1886  Nodiscala  de Boury, 1889
   Opalia  de Boury, 1886  Opalia  de Boury, 1886
   Scalina  Conrad, 1865
   Sthenorytis  Conrad, 1862
  Janthinidae Lamarck, 1812
   Janthina  Röding, 1798
 Triphoroidea
  Cerithiopsidae H. & A. Adams, 1863
   Cerithiella  Verrill, 1882
   Laskeya  Iredale, 1918
   Cerithiopsis  Forbes & Hanley, 1850
   Seila  A. Adams, 1861
  Triphoridae Gray, 1847
   Cyrbasia  Harris & Burrows, 1891
   Isotriphora  Cotton & Godfrey, 1931
   Joculator  Hedley, 1909
   Metaxia  Monterosato, 1884
   Tetraphora  Laseron, 1958
   Triphora  Blainville, 1828
   NEOGASTROPODA
 Cancellarioidea
  Cancellariidae Gray, 1853
   Agatrix  Petit, 1967
   Aphera  H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Axelella  Petit, 1988
   Calcarata  Jousseaume, 1887
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Bivetia  Jousseaume, 1887
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Bivetiella  Wenz, 1943
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Charcolleria  Olsson, 1942
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Euclia  H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Hertleinia  Marks, 1949
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Massyla  H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Ovilia  Jousseaume, 1887
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Pyruclia  Olsson, 1932
   Cancellaria  Lamarck, 1799  Sveltia  Jousseaume, 1887
   Narona  H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Tribia Jousseaume, 1887
   Trigonostoma  Blainville, 1827  Extractrix  Korobkov, 1955
   Trigonostoma  Blainville, 1827  Ventrilia  Jousseaume, 1887
   Tritonoharpa  Dall, 1908
 Conoidea
  Conidae Fleming, 1822
   “Conus”  Linnaeus, 1758
  Terebridae Mörch, 1852
   Hastula  H. & A. Adams, 1855
   Strioterebrum  Sacco, 1891
   “Terebra”  Bruguière, 1789
   Terebra  Bruguière, 1789  Myurellina  Bartsch, 1923
   Terebra  Bruguière, 1789  Oreoterebra  Olsson, 1967
   Terebra  Bruguière, 1789  Panaterebra  Olsson, 1967
   Terebra  Bruguière, 1789  Paraterebra  Woodring, 1928
Turridae Swainson, 1840
   Acmaturris  Woodring, 1928
   Adelocythara  Woodring, 1928
   Aforia  Dall, 1889
   Aforia*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Agathotoma  Cossmann, 1899
   Agladrillia  Woodring, 1928  Agladrillia  Woodring, 1928
   Agladrillia  Woodring, 1928  Eumetadrillia  Woodring, 1928
   Agladrillia*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Bactrocythara  Woodring, 1928
   Bellacythara  McLean, 1971
   Bellaspira  Conrad, 1863
   Borsonella  Dall, 1908  Borsonella  Dall, 1908
   Borsonia  Bellardi, 1839
   Brachycythara  Woodring, 1928
   Buchema  Corea, 1934
   Buridrillia  Olsson, 1942
   Calliclava  McLean, 1971
   Carinodrillia  Dall, 1919
   Carinodrillia*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Cerodrillia  Bartsch & Rehder, 1939
   Clathrodrillia  Dall, 1918
   Clathrodrillia*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Cochlespira  Conrad, 1865  Ancistrosyrinx  Dall, 1881
   Compsodrillia  Woodring, 1928
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Burchia  Bartsch, 1944
   Crassispira Swainson, 1840  Crassiclava  McLean, 1971
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Crassispira  Swainson, 1840
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Crassispirella  Bartsch & Rehder, 1939
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Dallspira  Bartsch, 1950
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Gibbaspira  McLean, 1971
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Glossispira  McLean, 1971
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Monilispira  Bartsch & Rehder, 1939
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Striospira  Bartsch, 1950
   Crassispira  Swainson, 1840  Striospira*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Cruziturricula  Marks, 1951
   Cytharella  Monterosato, 1875
   Daphnella  Hinds, 1844
   Diptychophlia  Berry, 1964
   Dolostoma  Woodring, 1970
   Doxospira  McLean, 1971
   Drillia  Gray, 1838
   Euclathurella  Woodring, 1928
   Fenimorea  Bartsch, 1934
   Fusiturricula  Woodring, 1928
   Gemmula  Weinkauff, 1875
   Globidrillia  Woodring, 1928
   Glyphostoma  Gabb, 1872  Euglyphostoma  Woodring, 1970
   Glyphostoma  Gabb, 1872  Glyphostoma  Gabb, 1872
   Glyphostoma  Gabb, 1872  Glyphostoma aff.1  Todd PPP
   Glyphoturris  Woodring, 1928
   Glyptaesopus  Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941
   Granoturris  Fargo, 1953
   Gymnobela  Verrill, 1884
   Hindsiclava  Hertlein & Strong, 1955
   Imaclava  Bartsch, 1944
   Ithycythara  Woodring, 1928
   Knefastia  Dall, 1919
   Kurtzia  Bartsch, 1944
   Kurtziella  Dall, 1918  Cryoturris  Woodring, 1928
   Kurtziella  Dall, 1918  Granoturris  Fargo, 1953
   Kurtziella  Dall, 1918  Kurtziella  Dall, 1918
   Kurtziella  Dall, 1918  Kurtziella  Dall, 1918, sensu McLean, 1971
   Kylix  Dall, 1919
   Lepicythara  Olsson, 1964
   Leptadrillia  Woodring, 1928
   Lioglyphostoma  Woodring, 1928
   Maesiella  McLean, 1971
   Maesiella*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Maesiella*aff.2  Todd PPP
   Mangelia  Risso, 1826
   Microdrillia  Casey, 1903
   Miraclathurella  Woodring, 1928
   Miraclathurella*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Mitrolumna  Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1883
   Nannodiella  Dall, 1919
   Pachycythara  Woodring, 1928
   Paraborsonia  Pilsbry, 1922
   Philbertia  Woodring, 1928
   Phymorhynchus  Dall, 1908
   Pilsbryspira  Bartsch, 1950  Pilsbryspira  Bartsch, 1950
   "Pleurofusia"  Gregorio, 1890
   Pleurotomella  Verrill, 1872
   Pleurotomoides ?  Bronn, 1831
   Polystira  Woodring, 1928
   Ptychobela  Thiele, 1925
   Pyrgocythara  Woodring, 1928
   Pyrgospira  McLean, 1971
   Rimosodaphnella  Cossmann, 1915
   Rubellatoma  Bartsch & Rehder, 1939
   Saccharoturris  Woodring, 1928
   Scobinella  Conrad, 1848
   Sedilia  Fargo, 1953
   Splendrillia  Hedley, 1922
   Strictispira  McLean, 1971
   Strombinoturris  Hertlein & Strong, 1950
   Syntomodrillia  Woodring, 1928
   Tenaturris  Woodring, 1928
   Thelecythara  Woodring, 1928
   Tiariturris  Berry, 1958
   TurridA  Todd PPP
   TurridB  Todd PPP
   TurridD  Todd PPP
   TurridE  Todd PPP
   Vaughanites  Woodring, 1928
   Vitricythara  Fargo, 1953
   Xanthodaphne  Powell, 1942
   Zonulispira  Bartsch, 1950
 Muricoidea
  Buccinidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Amarophos  Woodring, 1964
   Antillophos  Woodring, 1928  Antillophos  Woodring, 1928
   Antillophos  Woodring, 1928  Rhipophos  Woodring, 1964
   Bailya  M. Smith, 1944
   Caducifer  Dall, 1904
   Calophos  Woodring, 1964
   “Cantharus”  Röding, 1798
   Cantharus  Röding, 1798  Gemophos  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
   Colubraria  Schumacher, 1817
   Cymatophos  Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941
   Cymatophos*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Engina  Gray, 1839
   Metaphos  Olsson, 1964
   Metula  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Neosconsia  Olsson, 1964
   Nicema  Woodring, 1964
   Northia  Gray, 1847
   Pisania  Bivona, 1832
   Solenosteira  Dall, 1890
   Truncaria  Adams & Reeve, 1848
  Columbellidae Swainson, 1840
   Aesopus  Gould, 1860
   Anachis  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Astyris  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Bifurcium  Fischer, 1884
   Clavistrombina  Jung, 1989
   Columbella  Lamarck, 1799
   Columbellopsis  Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1882
   Conella  Swainson, 1840
   Cosmioconcha  Dall, 1913
   Costoanachis  Sacco, 1890
   Cotonopsis Olsson, 1942  Cotonopsis  Olsson, 1942
   Cotonopsis  Olsson, 1942  Turrina  Jung, 1989
   Decipifus  Olsson & McGinty, 1958
   Glyptanachis  Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
   Mazatlania  Dall, 1913
   Microcithara  Fischer, 1844
   Mitrella  Risso, 1826
   Nassarina  Dall, 1889  Cigclirina  Woodring, 1928
   Nassarina  Dall, 1889  Nassarina  Dall, 1889
   Nassarina  Dall, 1889  Steironepion ?  Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
   Nassarina  Dall, 1889  Zanassarina  Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
   Nitidella  Swainson, 1840
   Parametaria  Dall, 1916
   Parametaria*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Parvanachis  Radwin, 1968
   Rhombinella  Radwin, 1968
   Ruthia  Shasky, 1970
   Sincola  Olsson & Harbison, 1953 Dorsina  Jung, 1989
   Sincola  Olsson & Harbison, 1953 Sinaxila  Jung, 1989
   Sincola  Olsson & Harbison, 1953 Sincola  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
   Sincola  Olsson & Harbison, 1953 Sinuina  Jung, 1989
   Sincola  Olsson & Harbison, 1953 Sincola*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Strombina  Mörch, 1852  Costangula  Jung, 1989
   Strombina  Mörch, 1852  Lirastrombina  Jung, 1989
   Strombina  Mörch, 1852  Recurvina  Jung, 1989
   Strombina  Mörch, 1852  Spiralta  Jung, 1986
   Strombina  Mörch, 1852  Strombina  Mörch, 1852
   Strombina  Mörch, 1852  Strombina*aff. 1  Todd PPP
   Strombinella  Dall, 1896
   Strombinophos  Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941
   Zafrona  Iredale, 1916
  Coralliophilidae Chenu, 1859
   Coralliophila  H. & A. Adams, 1853 Pseudomurex  Monterosato, 1872
   Coralliophila  H. & A. Adams, 1853 *
   Latiaxis  Swainson, 1840  Tarantelaxis  Habe, 1970
   Latiaxis  Swainson, 1840 *
   Quoyula  Iredale, 1912
  Costellariidae MacDonald, 1860
   Thala  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Uromitra  Bellardi, 1887
   Vexillum  Röding, 1798  Costellaria  Swainson, 1840
   Vexillum  Röding, 1798  Pusia  Swainson, 1840
  Cystiscidae Stimpson, 1865
   Cystiscus  Stimpson, 1865
   Gibberula  Swainson, 1840
   Granulina  Jousseaume, 1888
   Persicula  Schumacher, 1817
  Fasciolariidae Gray, 1853
   Dolicholatirus  Bellardi, 1884
   Fasciolaria  Lamarck, 1799
   Fusinus  Rafinesque, 1815
   “Latirus”  Montfort, 1810
   Latirus  Montfort, 1810  Latirus  Montfort, 1810
   Latirus  Montfort, 1810  Polygona  Schumacher, 1817
   Leucozonia  Gray, 1847
   Opeatostoma  Berry, 1958
   Peristernia  Mörch, 1852
   Pleuroploca  Fischer, 1884
  Harpidae Bronn, 1849
   Harpa  Röding, 1798
   Morum  Röding, 1798  Morum Röding, 1798
   Morum  Röding, 1798  Oniscidia Mörch, 1852
  Marginellidae Fleming, 1828
   Dentimargo  Cossmann, 1899
   Eratoidea  Weinkauff, 1879
   Glabella  Swainson, 1840
   Granula  Jousseaume, 1875
   Marginella  Lamarck, 1799
   Prunum  Swainson, 1840
   Volvarina  Hinds, 1844
  Melongenidae Gill, 1867
   Melongena  Schumacher, 1817
  Mitridae Swainson, 1831
   Fusimitra  Conrad, 1855
   Mitra  Lamarck, 1798  Isara  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Mitra  Lamarck, 1798  Mitra  Lamarck, 1798
   Mitra  Lamarck, 1798  Nebularia  Swainson, 1840
   Mitra  Lamarck, 1798  Strigatella  Swainson, 1840
   Mitra  Lamarck, 1798  SubgenA  Todd PPP
   Subcancilla  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
  Muricidae da Costa, 1776
   Acanthina  Fischer de Waldheim, 1807
   Acanthotrophon  Hertlein & Strong, 1951
   Aspella  Mörch, 1877
   Attiliosa  Emerson, 1968
   Austrotrophon  Dall, 1902
   Boreotrophon  P. Fischer, 1884
   Calotrophon  Hertlein & Strong, 1951
   Chicoreus  Montfort, 1810  Chicoreus  Montfort, 1810
   Chicoreus  Montfort, 1810  Naquetia  Jousseaume, 1880
   Chicoreus  Montfort, 1810  Phyllonotus  Swainson, 1835
   Chicoreus  Montfort, 1810  Siratus  Jousseaume, 1880
   Cymia  Mörch, 1860  Cymia  Mörch, 1860
   Dermomurex  Monterosato, 1890  Dermomurex  Monterosato, 1890
   Dermomurex  Monterosato, 1890  Trialatella  Berry, 1964
   Eupleura  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Favartia  Jousseaume, 1880  Favartia  Jousseaume, 1880
   Haustellum  Schumacher, 1817
   Hexaplex  Perry, 1810
   Homalocantha  Mörch, 1852
   Morula  Schumacher, 1817
   Murexiella  Clench & Farfante, 1945 Murexiella  Clench & Farfante, 1945
   Murexiella  Clench & Farfante, 1945 Subpterynotus  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
   Muricanthus  Swainson, 1840
   Muricopsis  Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1882  Muricopsis  Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1882
   Muricopsis  Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1882  Risomurex  Olsson & McGinty, 1958
   Neorapana  Cooke, 1918
   Orania  Pallary, 1900
   Phyllocoma  Tapparone & Canefri, 1881
   Poirieria  Jousseaume, 1880  Panamurex  Woodring, 1959
   Poirieria  Jousseaume, 1880  Paziella  Jousseaume, 1880
   Poirieria  Jousseaume, 1880  Pazinotus  E. Vokes, 1970
   Pteropurpura  Jousseaume, 1880
   Pterotyphis  Jousseaume, 1881  Pterotyphis  Jousseaume, 1881
   Pterochelus  Jousseaume, 1880
   Pterynotus  Swainson, 1833  Purpurellus  Jousseaume, 1880
   Pterynotus  Swainson, 1833  Pterynotus  Swainson, 1833
   Purpura  Bruguière, 1789
   Pygmaepterys  E. Vokes, 1978
   Siphonochelus  Jousseaume, 1880  Laevityphis  Cossmann, 1903
   Siphonochelus  Jousseaume, 1880 Pilsbrytyphis  Woodring, 1959
   Siphonochelus  Jousseaume, 1880  Siphonochelus  Jousseaume, 1880
   “Thais”  Röding, 1798
   Thais  Röding, 1798  Mancinella  Link, 1807
   Thais  Röding, 1798  Stramonita  Schumacher, 1817
   Thais  Röding, 1798  Thaisella  Clench, 1947
   Thais  Röding, 1798  Vasula Mörch, 1860
   Trachypollia  Woodring, 1928
   Typhis  Montfort, 1810  Haustellotyphis  Jousseaume, 1880
   Typhis  Montfort, 1810  Rugotyphis  Vella, 1961
   Typhis  Montfort, 1810  Talityphis  Jousseaume, 1882
   Typhis  Montfort, 1810  Typhina  Jousseaume, 1880
   Typhis  Montfort, 1810  Typhinellus  Jousseaume, 1880
   Typhis  Montfort, 1810  Typhisopsis  Jousseaume, 1880
   Urosalpinx  Stimpson, 1865
   Vitularia  Swainson, 1840
  Nassariidae Iredale, 1916
   Nassaria  Link, 1807  Nassaria  Link, 1807
   “Nassarius”  Duméril, 1806
   Nassarius  Duméril, 1806  Arcularia  Link, 1807
   Nassarius  Duméril, 1806  Hinia  Gray, 1847
   Nassarius  Duméril, 1806  Nanarius  Woodring, 1964
   Nassarius  Duméril, 1806  Nassarius  Duméril, 1806
   Nassarius  Duméril, 1806  Uzita  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Neoteron  Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
   Psilarius  Woodring, 1964
   Trajana  Gardner, 1948  Nerva  E. Vokes, 1969
   Trajana  Gardner, 1948  Trajana  Gardner, 1948
  Pseudolividae Fischer, 1884
   Triumphis  Gray, 1847
  Olividae Latreille, 1825
   Agaronia  Gray, 1839
   Ancilla  Lamarck, 1799  Eburna  Lamarck, 1801
   Oliva  Bruguière, 1789  Oliva  Bruguière, 1789
   Oliva  Bruguière, 1789  Strephonella  Dall, 1909
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Dactylidella  Woodring, 1928
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Dactylidia  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Lamprodoma  Swainson, 1840
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Macgintiella  Olsson, 1956
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Minioliva  Olsson, 1956
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Niteoliva  Olsson, 1956
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Olivella  Swainson, 1831
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Orbignytesta  Klappenbach, 1962
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Pachyoliva  Olsson, 1956
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831 Toroliva  Olsson & Harbison, 1953
   Olivella  Swainson, 1831  Zanoetella  Olsson, 1956
  Turbinellidae Swainson, 1840
   Fulgurofusus  Grabau, 1904  Fulgurofusus  Grabau, 1904
   Turbinella  Lamarck, 1799
   Vasum  Röding, 1798  Vasum  Röding, 1798
  Volutidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Enaeta  H. & A. Adams, 1853
   Scaphella  Swainson, 1832
   Voluta  Linnaeus, 1758
  Volutomitridae Gray, 1854
   Conomitra  Conrad, 1865
   Microvoluta  Angas, 1877
   Proximitra  Finlay, 1927  Proximitra  Finlay, 1927

          HETEROBRANCHIA

 Architectonicoidea
  Architectonicidae Gray, 1850
   Architectonica  Röding, 1798
   Granosolarium  Sacco, 1892
   Heliacus  d'Orbigny, 1842  Heliacus  d'Orbigny, 1842
   Heliacus  d'Orbigny, 1842  Torinista  Iredale, 1936
   Philippia  Gray, 1847
   Pseudomalaxis  Fischer, 1885
   Pseudotorinia  Sacco, 1892
   Psilaxis  Woodring, 1928
   Solatisonax  Iredale, 1931
   Spirolaxis  Monterosato, 1913
  Mathildidae Dall, 1889
   Fimbriatella  Sacco, 1895
   Mathilda  Semper, 1865
 Omalogyroidea
  Omalogyridae Sars, 1878
   Omalogyra  Jeffreys, 1867
 Pyramidelloidea
  Amathinidae Ponder, 1988
   Aorotrema  Schwengel & McGinty, 1942
   Clathrella  Récluz, 1864
   Iselica  Dall, 1918
  Ebalidae Warén, 1994
   Anisocycla  Monterosato, 1880  Saccoina  Dall & Bartsch, 1904*
   Anisocycla  Monterosato, 1880*
  Pyramidellidae Gray, 1840
   Bartschella  Iredale, 1916
   Besla  Dall & Bartsch, 1904
   Boonea  Robertson, 1978
   Boonea*aff.1  Todd PPP
   Brachystomia  ? Monterosato, 1884
   Callolongchaeus  Dall, 1903
   Careliopsis  ? Mörch, 1875
   Chemnitzia  d'Orbigny, 1840
   Chrysallida  Carpenter, 1856
   Dunkeria  Carpenter, 1857
   Eulimastoma  Bartsch, 1916
   Eulimella  Forbes & MacAndrew, 1846 Ebalina  Thiele, 1929
   Eulimella  Forbes & MacAndrew, 1846 Eulimella  Forbes & MacAndrew, 1846
   Fargoa  Bartsch, 1955
   Ivara  Dall & Bartsch in Arnold, 1913
   Ividella  Dall & Bartsch, 1909
   Kleinella  ? A. Adams, 1860
   Longchaeus  Mörch, 1875
   Milda  Dall & Bartsch, 1904
   Miralda  A. Adams, 1863
   Mormula  A. Adams, 1863
   “Odostomia”  Fleming, 1813
   Odostomia  Fleming, 1813
   Ondina  de Folin, 1870
   Peristichia  Dall, 1889
   Pharcidella  Dall, 1889
   Ptycheulimella  Sacco, 1892
   Pyramidella  Lamarck, 1799
   Pyrgiscilla  Laws, 1937
   Pyrgiscus  Philippi, 1841
   Pyrgolampros  Sacco, 1892
   Pyrgulina  A. Adams,1863
   Salassia  de Folin, 1870
   Sayella  Dall, 1885
   Strioturbonilla  Sacco, 1892, sensu Dall & Bartsch in Arnold, 1903
   Triptychus  Mörch, 1875
   Turbonilla  Risso, 1826
   Ugartea  Bartsch, 1917
 Incertae sedis
   Episcynia  Mörch, 1875

 OPISTHOBRANCHIA

           CEPHALASPIDEA
 Acteonoidea
  Acteonidae d'Orbigny, 1842
   Acteon  Montfort, 1810
   Rictaxis  Dall, 1871
 Bulloidea
  Bullidae Rafinesque, 1815
   Bulla  Linnaeus, 1758
 Haminoeoidea
  Haminoeidae Pilsbry, 1895
   Atys  Montfort, 1810  Aliculastrum  Pilsbry, 1896
   Atys  Montfort, 1810  Atys  Montfort, 1810
   Atys  Montfort, 1810  Weinkauffia  A. Adams, 1858
   Haminoea  Turton & Kingston, 1830
  Incertae sedis
   Roxania  Leach, 1847
 Ringiculoidea
  Ringiculidae Philippi, 1853
   Ringicula  Deshayes, 1838  Ringiculella  Sacco, 1892
 Philinoidea
  Cylichnidae A. Adams, 1850
   Acteocina  Gray, 1847
   Cylichna  Lovén, 1846
   Cylichnella  Gabb, 1873
   Scaphander  Montfort, 1810
  Retusidae Thiele, 1926
   Cylichnina  Monterasato, 1884
   Sulcoretusa  Burch, 1945
   Volvulella  Newton, 1891  Paravolvulella  Harry, 1967
   Volvulella  Newton, 1891  Volvulella  Newton, 1891
           NOTASPIDEA
 Tylodinoidea
  Tylodinidae Gray, 1847
   Tylodina  Rafinesque, 1819
  Umbraculidae Dall, 1889
   Umbraculum  Schumacher, 1817
          THECOSOMATA
  Cavoliniidae H. & A. Adams, 1854
   Cavolinia  Abildgaard, 1791
   Clio  Linnaeus, 1767
   Creseis  Rang, 1828
   Cuvierina  Boas, 1886
   Diacria  Gray, 1840
   Hyalocylis  Fol, 1875
   Styliola  Gray, 1850
  Limacinidae Blainville, 1823
   Limacina  Bosc, 1817

   PULMONATA

          BASOMMATOPHORA
 Siphonarioidea
  Siphonariidae Gray, 1840
   Siphonaria  Sowerby, 1824  Heterosiphonaria  Hubendick, 1945
   Williamia  Monterosato, 1884
          EUPULMONATA
 Ellobioidea
  Ellobiidae H. & A. Adams, 1855
   Melampus  Montfort, 1810
   Tralia  Gray in Turton, 1840
   Pedipes  Férussac, 1820


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Last updated on March 27, 2001-tsa.