NMITA:Neogene Marine Biota of Tropical America

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Manicina pliocenica Gane, 1895

Holotype: NMB D6165(neotype)

Morphologic Description:

Meander series sinuosity: straight

Colony size: small (<10cm)

Attachment of skeleton: free-living

Epitheca: well-developed

Wall development between buds: never

Symmetry of bud geometry: multi-directional

Calice or valley width: large (10-15mm)

Calice relief: very high (>10mm)

Calicular platform shape: u-shaped

Coenosteum: narrow (< valley width)

Exothecal dissepiments: present

Number of septal cycles: >3

Septal spacing (per 5mm): 6-12

Relative septa thickness: unequal

Relative costae thickness: equal

Continuity of costae: continuous

Septal lobes: present

Paliform lobes: absent

Columella continuity: continuous

Columella width: 1/3

Endothecal dissepiments: abundant

Wall structure: parathecal

Double or single wall: single

Distribution:

Early Pliocene : Gurabo Fm., Rio Cana, Dominican Republic;

Early Pliocene to Late Pliocene : Mao Fm., Rio Cana, Dominican Republic;

Late Pliocene : Bowden Fm., Bowden Shell Beds, Jamaica; Bowden Fm., Bowden seacliff, Jamaica;

Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene : 'Old Pera' beds, Pera Point, Jamaica; 'Old Pera' beds, Pera Point, Jamaica;