NMITA:Neogene Marine Biota of Tropical America

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Manicina areolata (Linnaeus, 1758)

Holotype: BM(NH)

Morphologic Description:

Meander series sinuosity: straight

Colony size: small (<10cm)

Attachment of skeleton: free-living

Epitheca: well-developed

Wall development between buds: never

Symmetry of bud geometry: multi-directional

Calice or valley width: large (10-15mm)

Calice relief: medium (2-4mm)

Calicular platform shape: u-shaped

Coenosteum: narrow (< valley width)

Exothecal dissepiments: present

Number of septal cycles: >3

Septal spacing (per 5mm): 6-12

Relative septa thickness: unequal

Relative costae thickness: unequal

Continuity of costae: dis-continuous

Septal lobes: present

Paliform lobes: absent

Columella continuity: continuous

Columella width: 1/3

Endothecal dissepiments: few

Wall structure: parathecal

Double or single wall: single

Distribution:

Early Pliocene to Late Pliocene : Tamiami Fm., Sarasota, Florida; Seroe Domi Fm., St. Michiel ridges, Curacao; Seroe Domi Fm., St. Michiel ridges, Curacao;

Early Pliocene to Early Pleistocene : Shark's Hole Fm., Isla Colon, Panama;

Late Pliocene : Q.Chocolate Fm., Buenos Aires, Costa Rica; Q.Chocolate Fm., Buenos Aires, Costa Rica; Moin Fm., Pueblo Nuevo, Costa Rica; Moin Fm., Pueblo Nuevo, Costa Rica; Moin Fm., Pueblo Nuevo, Costa Rica;

Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene : 445-484fbmp, BDP Core Clino, Bahamas; Moin Fm., Lomas del Mar, Costa Rica; Moin Fm., Lomas del Mar, Costa Rica; Moin Fm., Lomas del Mar, Costa Rica; Moin Fm., Lomas del Mar, Costa Rica; Moin Fm., Lomas del Mar, Costa Rica;

Early Pleistocene : Caloosahatchee Fm., Shell Creek, Florida; 321-394fbmp, BDP Core Clino, Bahamas; Glades Fm., Belle Glade, Florida; Manchioneal Fm., Innes Bay, Jamaica;

Late Pleistocene : Falmouth Fm., Rio Bueno, Jamaica; Falmouth Fm., Rio Bueno, Jamaica;

Recent : <10m, Discovery Bay, Jamaica;